Material of construction.



No. 69!,4l6. Patented l'an. 2|, I902. E. THACHER.

MATERIAL 0F CONSTRUCTION.

(Application-filed May 9, 1901.)

(No Model.)

FIG.///.

- INVENTdI? m kink/u WITNESSES H64 A TTOHNEY UNITED STATES EDIVIN TI-IAOI-IER, OF NEl/V YORK, N. Y.

MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 691,416, dated January 21, 1902.

Application filed May 9, 1901.

T0 aZZ whmn it may concern.-

Be it known that I, EDWIN TEACHER, a citizen of the United States, residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city of New York, county and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Materials of Construction, of which the following is a specification.

This invention is in the nature of a compound bar or unit of construction to be used in the construction of bridges, docks, beams, girders, floors, roofs, walls, and any other parts of buildings or structures, the object of the invention being to provide a compound unit or bar of great strength, simplicity, and cheapness for such uses.

With this object in view the invention consists in a compound bar or unit of construction comprising a core of peculiar and improved form embedded in concrete and in the core for such a unit,all as fully described hereinafter and afterward specifically claimed.

In carrying out the invention the core may be made of a number of forms in its general cross-section, and several examples are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure I represents a view in longitudinal section of one embodiment of my invention, the core being shown in elevation. Fig. II represents a transverse sectional view of the metal core on the plane indicated by the broken line II II of Fig. I. Fig. III represents a longitudinal sectional view on the plane indicated by the broken line III III of Fig. I, the core being shown in elevation. Fig. IV represents a view, similar to that shown in Fig. I, of a-structure embodying another example of core construction. Fig. V represents a transverse sectional view of the metal core on the plane indicated by the broken line V V of Fig. IV. Fig. VI represents a longitudinal sectional view on the plane indicated by the broken line VI VI of Fig. IV. Fig. VII represents a view, similar to that of Figs. I and IV, of a structure embodying still another example of core construction. Fig. VIII represents a transverse sectional view of the metal core on the plane indicated by the broken line VIII VIII of Fig. VII.

Wherever in the several figures of the draw- Serial No. 59,420. (No model.)

ings the same parts are shown they will be indicated by the same reference-numerals.

Referring now to Figs. I, II, and III, 1 indicates a core consisting of a metalbar, the general cross-sectional form of which is circular, as indicated clearly at those portions of the bar which have been permitted to retain their original form, as at 2, which bar has been so operated upon by rolling, hammering, squeezing, forging, or other mechanical manipulation as to displace the metal at points 3, so that the form in section is flattened in one direction and laterally extended in another, as most clearly shownin the transverse sectional illustrations of Fig. II.

In Figs. IV, V, and VI the coreis indicated at 4, having the same general circular crosssectional form as core 1, as at 5 5, while the distortions or flattenings of the core-4, which are also of the same form as those of core 1, as indicated at 6 7, &c., are formed each at an angle, preferably a right angle, to the adjacent or succeeding distortion in either direction.

In Figs. VII and VIII the core is represented at 8, its general cross-section being that of a flat bar, as shown undisturbed at 9 9, the distortions being formed by squeezing the bar edgewise, forming a lateral protuberance at each side of each edge of the bar, as at 10 10, and decreasing the width of the bar at these points.

Before proceeding further I desire to state that the forms of core illustrated and hereinbefore described are merely examples of many forms'of original sections and forms and location of distortions which may be used in carrying out my invention so long as the results attending the use of these examples is attained, as will be fully set forth hereinafter.

The cores of the forms described or of any proper modifications of such forms are embedded in concrete, as shown in Figs. I, III, IV, and VI at 11, either in the form of a bar, as illustrated, which may be Varied in sectional shape at will, by making it in suitable molds, or in buildings the core may be laid in beds of concrete deposited in their proper positions to form the walls, floors, or other parts of the structure. When so embedded in concrete and the concrete dried, the core can neither be turned, twisted, nor displaced or moved longitudinally or transversely without crushingor breaking up the concrete envelop, and a Very strong, simple, and cheap construction is formed.

It will be observed in the examples of cores illustrated that the distortions are merely displacements of the metal of the core laterally and that there is no material alteration of the transverse sectional area of the core at any point. This formation of distortions without disturbing the sectional area of the core is a particular point in my invention, being of great advantage for several reasons. In the manufacture of the core the distortions of these forms may be made Without difficulty and economically by all ordinary known methods of forging or shaping by rolling-dies or otherwise, and the original strength of the bar is not impaired so as to weaken the whole construction, as would be the case if the sectional area were materially reduced by such distortions.

Having thus fully described my invention, What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is-

1. A metal bar, for use as a core for embedding in concrete, flattened and laterally extended at intervals without material alteration of its cross-sectional area, substantially as described.

2. A metal bar for use as'a core for embedding in concrete, flattened and laterally extended at intervals in different longitudinal planes, without material alteration of its cross sectional area, substantially as described.

3. A metal bar, for use as a core for embedding in concrete, flattened and laterally extended at intervals without material alteration of its cross-sectional area, the longitudinal plane of each flattened portion being at an angle to that of the adjacent flattening in either direction of the bar, substantially as described.

4:. A compound bar or unit of construction consisting of a metal bar, flattened and laterally extended at intervals without material alteration of its cross-sectionalarea, embedded in an envelop of concrete, substantially as described.

5. A compound bar or unit of construction consisting of a metal bar having portions at intervals of its length flattened in difierent longitudinal planes, without material alteration ofits cross-sectional area, embedded in an envelop of concrete, substantially as described.

Witness my hand this 4th day of May, 1901, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

EDWIN THAGHER. Witnesses:

MABEL K. WHITMAN, HERMAN" l\IEYER. 

